ABSTRACT
Background: SP-A and SP-D are hydrophilic proteins which regulate the inflammatory response of the lung. Pasteurella multocida is one of the most common bacteria isolated from calves suffering from shipping fever pneumonia, one of the majorproblems in dairy herds
Objectives: evaluation of surfactant content may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for detection of calf pneumonia due to Pasteurella multocida and also state of treatment
Methods: ten Holstein-Frisian bull calves aged 4 months with body weight of 120 +/- 5 kg were selected for study in two groups. The Pasteurella multocida [PMC66 Razi] was used in the present study for inducing pneumonia. The Bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] process was done in selected calves. BAL fluid was collected and centrifuged and finally the sediment [crude surfactant] was reserved at -20degreeC. The cytological evaluation and surfactant content was assayed by ELISA, TPL kit assay and HPLC
Results: the serum levels of SP-A and SP-D in pneumonic group were significantly elevated. Although the increased Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF] level of SP-A in pneumonic cases was found as compared with the control animals, the statistical analysis did not show any significant differences between two groups. The level of SP-D in BALF of pneumonic group significantly elevated. The amount of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine [DPPC] in pneumonic group decreased significantly in comparison with control group
Conclusions: pasteurella inducing pulmonary can change the major component of lung surfactant, evaluation of these markers can be helpful as an appropriate tool in diagnostic state of pneumonia and healing
ABSTRACT
Background: Colisepticemia is an acute fatal disease in farm animal neonates. Clinical finding of septicemia is non-specific and cannot be differentiated from signs of non-infectious disease or disease with local infection such as diarrhea
Objectives: Evaluation of clinical signs variations in calves with experimental septicemia with Escherichia coli 01 11 :H8
Methods: Colisepticemia was experimentally induced in ten Holstein bull calves after an adaptation period. Vital signs and 7 clinical criteria were recorded from 24 h before septicemia until 48 h after that. Blood culture was performed and treatment was done based on antibiogram from 24 h after challenge
Results: Changes of suckling reflex and shock were not significant. Changes of appetite, dehydration, behavior, standing ability, total score from 24 h before the challenge to 24 h after treatment were significant [p=0.00l]. Fecal consistency altered with treatment [p<0.04]. Heart rate [p=0.04 and p=0.033, respectively], respiratory rate [p=0.009 and p=0.001, respectively] and body temperature [p0.00l and p=0.004, respectively] have significant changes till 24 h after challenge and till 24 h after starting treatment. Blood cultures were positive except for 0 h and 48 h after challenge
Conclusions: The present study indicated clinical signs changed unfavorably following septicemia that were dissolved approximately during 24 h, depending on treatment in appropriate time and drug choice. Thus, a targeted scoring system will be useful in clinical evaluation of septicemia, quantifying the changes procedure and treatment efficacy